Social scripts.

Evidence: Social scripts provide predictable frameworks for social interactions, (Cihak et al., 2012, a small study with middle-school students with ASD). Wehmeyer (2007) is a handbook on self-determination; the four-step method in this tool (anticipate, structure, reinforce, generalise) is inklui’s own and has not been evaluated. The meta-analysis by Bellini & Akullian (2007) is about video modelling in ASD, a different technique from written scripts, and found it effective.

Cihak, D., Kildare, L.K., Smith, C. & McMahon, D. (2012). Using video social stories to increase task engagement for middle school students with ASD. Behavior Modification, 36(3). · Wehmeyer, M.L. (Ed.) (2007). Promoting Self-Determination in Students with Developmental Disabilities. Guilford Press. · Bellini, S. & Akullian, J. (2007). A meta-analysis of video modeling and video self-modeling interventions for children and adolescents with ASD. Exceptional Children, 73(3).

Level of evidence: C (widespread practice, without solid evidence). Basis: Social scripts and video modelling: there are studies with ASD (Cihak et al., 2012; Bellini & Akullian, 2007). Limits: The studies are mostly with ASD and small samples; for intellectual disability the support is thin.